2nd Week - 4th Week

MONDAY (12/4)

--> Went to pmu(Pencawang Masuk Utama) parit raja with En Arman (engineer under protection unit)..The objective is to see how commissioning is done to a new transformer.
- There were some procedures need to follow before doing commissioning :

1) Have a meeting with team project.
2) Get approval from NLDC and get a value for outage voltage.
3) Before doing commission, double confirm with NLDC so that there will be no tripping to other pmu. After everything is ok, then we can do the commission.

Switch Yard

While waiting for NLDC to double confirm with team project, En Fadle (one of the technician) introduced me with some devices that used to transmit electricity such as LA, CVT, CT, CB, Isolator and so on. We go to switch yard to see and know better about the devices. Each device has 3 phases. Red,Yellow and Blue.



This is a lightning arrester / surge arrester. In a normal situation, it acts as a high impedance. It not allows any voltage or current to pass by itself. If there is a fault, it acts as a very low impedance (0 ohm) and it allows any current or voltage to pass by itself to be grounded.







This is a CVT (Capacitive Voltage Transformer). As u all can see, the connection for cvt is looks like T alphabet. The function is to change a high voltage value to a suitable value. so that it can easily monitor, control, and use in metering.






This is a CT (Current Transformer). As u all can see, the connection for ct is looks like an ears. It is actually current coming in and going out. The function is to change a high current value to a suitable value. so that it can easily monitor, control, and use in metering.












This is an isolator. It will isolate devices from the live line when there is a maintenance. It operates when there is no load. It also used to change busbar line from main to reserve or vice versa.

This is a busbar. It functions to carry electricity from line to switch yard or vice versa. It made from copper and aluminium.







This is a circuit breaker. The function is to break the circuit if there is tripping or to do the maintenance.








I also learn about numbering system for single line diagram.
4 --> Number for connection to main
6 --> Number for connection to reserve
5 --> Number for breaker









TUESDAY-THURSDAY (13/4 - 15/4)

--> Followed En Nazrul (Substation engineer) to PMU Sri Sulong to see how CMU (condition monitoring unit) doing Tan Delta test. The objective of this test is to check transformer's condition either ok or not. They tested about :


1) Insulation Power factor (AC).
2) Excitation Current (AC)
3) Sweep Frequency Responses Analysis (AC)
4) Transformer Turn Ratio (AC)
5) Leakage Reactance (AC)
6) Magnetic Balance (AC)
7) Winding Resistance (DC)
8) Insulation Resistance (DC)

Actually, tan delta was one of the major and important test under CMU unit and i'm glad that i have the opportunity to learn about it. :)















FRIDAY (16/4)

--> Went to TNB Distribution Kluang to participate in "Ceramah Kenali Ubat Anda" by Dr Faezah. Some useful information are:

Ketahui hak kita sebagai pengguna :

1 Keselamatan (ubat yang di ambil selamat)
2 Keperluan Asas
3 Mendapatkan maklumat (bertanya berapa biji nak makan, bila waktu nak mkn dll)
4 Membuat pilihan (ingin ubat pil / air)
5 Bersuara
6 Mendapat ganti rugi
7 Mendapatka alam sekitar yang sihat (tahu cara pelupusan ubat yang betul dan selamat)

Amalkan 5B dlm pengambilan ubat :

1 --> Ubat yang betul.
2 --> Pengguna ubat yang betul.
3 --> Dos yang betul.
4 --> Masa penggunaan yang betul.
5 --> Cara penggunaan yang betul.

SUMMARY OF WEEK 3
MONDAY, TUESDAY, FRIDAY (19,20&23 April)

''Be A Safety Hero, Score An Accident Zero"

--> Bermulanya minggu keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerja peringkat AM Kluang..Pelbagai aktiviti yang menarik dan hebat dilakukan sepanjang minggu ini. Antaranya ialah ceramah keselamatan oleh agensi-agensi kerajan dan bukan kerajaan, pertandingan mencipta slogan, senaman aerobic, pameran kesihatan, kempen menderma darah, pertandingan gulung hos bomba terpantas, kuiz keselamatan, latihan kebakaran dan latihan memadamkan api. Tujuan utama program ini ialah ingin menyemai sikap utamakan keselamatan di tempat kerja dan memberi penerangan tentang bahaya dan cara mengatasi bahaya di tempat kerja.

Suasana sekitar minggu keselamatan :

WEDNESDAY (21/4)

--> Went to PMU Bukit Batu (one of the largest PMU in Malaysia. 500kv, 275kv & 132 kv) to see how resetting relay is done by Protection unit. This resetting relay need to be done when there is changes of length in transmission line. In our case, the original line is from Kluang to Renggam & Kluang to Bukit Batu. We don't want anymore line from Kluang to Renggam & we want to replace it from Bukit Batu to Renggam.
Logically, when there is changes in length of transmission line, there is also changes in impedance. As the formula is V=IZ, we need to find a new Z value so that it will maintain the value of V. In this case, the load is 132kV. So a new Z is needed to maintain transmission of 132kV load.
--> For your information, scope of work for protection unit is it covers the whole transmission line. They are more on protecting equipments in PMU from being damage. They used relay as their protection scheme. Protection scheme for line bay & transformer bay are different.

Procedure :

1). Downloading setting. Each relay has it owns communication language. In this case, the language is ABB. So, ABB softwware need to be downloading 1st to monitoring laptop.
2). Do Dummy. Dummy here means we kept older setting, and use a new one. we test for its stability and performance. If pass, then we can use a new setting.
3). Test. --> Isolation test, dll



THURSDAY (22/4)

--> Followed En Arman to PMU Parit Sulong, Caah & Ayer Hitam to do an audit.
--> Segala kecacatan, keadaan merbahaya, keadaan situasi tempat, tahap keselamatan & kebersihan PMU diperiksa dan diberikan penilaian. Gambar-gambar juga turut diambil bagi merekodkan laporan. Terdapat beberapa kategori yang diperiksa :

1. Premises & ousekeeping.
2. Substation (Mechanical, Electrical and Personal safe guarding)
3. Fire protection and prevention.



SUMMARY OF WEEK 4

MONDAY & TUESDAY (26/4-27/4)

--> Sick. MC..Yahuu.. :p

WEDNESDAY-FRIDAY (28/4-30/4)

--> Went to PMU Yong Peng South with En Nazrul (Substation Engineer) to accompany him giving tender to contractor & get more explanation about equipments in PMU.

Typical substation layout:
surge arrester --> voltage transformer --> line isolator --> current transformer --> circuit breaker --> reserve busbar isolator --> main busbar --> main busbar isolator --> reserve busbar

CB's types :
1). Oil (minimum oil)
2). Air-blast
3). Gas SF6
4). Vacum VCB

CB's Mechanism :
1). Pneumatic
2). Spring charge
3). Hidrolic

Isolator's type :
1). Double Break Disconnector
2). Center Break Disconnector
3). Vertical Break Disconnector

Type of Substation :
1). AIS (Air Insulated Substation) Mostly used in AM Kluang
2). GIS (Gas Insulated Substation)

Type of Transformer Radiator :
1). ONAN (Oil Natural, Air Natural)
2). ONAF (Oil Natural, Air Force)
3). OFAF (Oil Force, Air Force)